Combined priming-cup and compression-relief cock.



F. J. COLEMAN. COMBINED PBIMING CUP AND COMPRESSION REUIEP COCK. APPLICATION nun JAN.ZQ,1913.

1,09 1,485. Patented Mar. 31, 1914.

FRANK J. COLEMAN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

COMBINED PRIMING-CU-P AND COMPRESSION-RELIEF COCK.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK J. COLEMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at l/Vashington, District of Columbia, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Priming-Cups and Compression-Relief Cocks; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to the class of internal combustion engines, but more particularly to a combined priming cup and compression relief cock to be employed in connection with the cylinder of an internal combustion engine so that a priming charge of gasolene or the like can be quickly and conveniently introduced into the combustion chamber of an engine cylinder to which the cup is applied.

The invention has for its object to provide a combined priming cup and compression relief cock so constructed and arranged that when the priming charge is introduced into the priming cup and into the combustion chamber of the engine that the same will not be blown out through the priming cup but will be maintained within the compression chamber of the engine cylinder to be ignited therein to start the engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of this class which is so constructed and arranged that it can also be employed as a compression relief cock to relieve the compression in the cylinder of an internal combustion chamber or which can be opened during the operation of the engine for the purpose of testing the cylinder as is frequently necessary, especially with the use of multi-cylinder motors.

With these objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction of the com 'bined priming cup and compression relief cock, and particularly ill the arrangement and construction of the valve.

The invention also consists in certain other novel details of construction and in combinations of parts, all of which will be first fully described and afterward specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In the operation of internal combustion Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 20, 1913.

Patented Mar. 31, 1914. Serial No. 743,129.

engines employing gasolene and the like as fuel it is particularly difficult at times, and especially in cold weather, to cause the engine to ignite the charge of gas taken into the combustion chamber of the engine through the usual carbureteror other mixing device. Consequently it becomes necessary at such times to introduce into the combustion chamber at the engine an additional charge of fuel which is termed a priming charge, and it is usual to provide a priming cup in communication with the combustion chamber of the engine for the purpose of introducing the priming charge into the motor. \Vhen such priming charge is introduced it is usual to rock the fly wheel of the motorso as to take into the combustion chamber a suflicient quantity of air so as to combine with the priming charge in order to provide a combustible mixture of fuel. This rocking or turning of the fly wheel reciprocates the piston within the motor cylinder causing it to move in the direction of compression, and consequently a portion of the priming charge is blown out through the priming cup so that a great waste is effected, while the object of the priming charge is defeated to a very considerable extent. Apart from that, other serious accidents have occurred from the blowing out of the priming charge through the priming cup of the motor, as it has been known to be blown into the eyes of the operator while in an ignited condition thereby causing serious burns and injury.

With reference to multi-cylinder motors now in universal use it becomes necessary at times to test the cylinders while the engine is running in order to locate any irregular firing or missing in one or more of the cylinders, and the priming cup is generally resorted to so as to allow a portion of the ignited gas to blow out through the priming cup so that the operator can determine which of the engine cylinders are firing irregularly or missing. The priming cup is also resorted to in engines of high compression which are difficult to turn by hand owing to the high compression within the engine cylinders, and in some instances the compression is so high that the same has to be relieved to a certain extent before it is possible to throw the fly wheel of the engine over and raise the piston against the compression in the cylinder.

This present invention is designed to 01)- viate the aforementioned difficulties and to I at the same time supply a suflicient prlming cup and compression relief cock which can be operated with a great saving of priming fuel and with safety to the operator.

Referring to the accompanying drawing: Figure 1-is a fragmentary sectional view of the combustion chamber of an internal combustion cylinder illustrating the combined riming cup and the compression relief cock in operative position. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the priming cup illustrating the same in a closed position. Fig. 3 is a similar view illustrating the priming cup charge, and Fig. 4' is a similar view illustrating the position of the priming cup when employing the same as a compression relief cock.

Like numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several figures in which:

1 indicates the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and 2 indicates the combined priming cup and compression relief cock.

he device 2 comprises a cup-shaped body 3 to receive the priming charge which communicates with a central vertical bore 4 passing longitudinally of the device, the lower end of the cup being threaded at 5 for threaded connection with the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

6 indicates a tapered valve which enters the body of the cup transversely thereof, the said body of the cup being provided with a tapered bore 7 to receive the said tapered valve 6, the parts being ground together in the usual manner to effect a gas tight union between the parts, the stem 8 of the valve (3 being provided with a' coil spring 9 of an extension strain for the purpose of effectually the tapered valve 6 within its seat 7 ii-ij'the manner as will be apparent from an inspection of the accompanying drawing.

Arranged transversely ofthe tapered valve 6 and in alinement with the vertical bore 4 of the cup is a bore or opening 10, which'doore or opening 10 can be brought into communication with the vertical bore 4 of the cup so as to provide a straight passage through the entire device, while upon rotation of the tapered valve 6 its said bore or opening 10 is carried transversely of the central bore 4 of the cup so as to shut off communication through the device in the manner Tlns construction is as is shown in Fig. 2.

usual in priming cups and devices of this character, but as will appear from Figs. 3 'and 4 the novelty in this cup resides in the construction and arrangement of the ball check valve 11 which is disposed Within the tapered valve 6 and which operates in the manner which will be now fully described.

in position for receiving a priming As will appear from an inspection of the accompanying drawing, and particularly with reference to Figs. 3 and 4 the tapered valve 6 being provided with the transverse bore 10. Said bore 10 is formed of two diameters which provides an,enlarged chamber 12 within which theball valve 11 operates, the said ball valve 11 seating itself upon the seat 13 in the manneras shown in Fig. 4, while the outer end of the enlarged chamber 12 is crimped inwardly at 14 so as to retain the ball valve 11 within the chamber 12 as will be apparent from an inspection of the drawing.

Having thus described the several parts of this invention its operation is as follows: The cup being applied in the manner as shown in Fig. 1 and the tapered valve (5 turned so that the valve handle 15 stands in a vertical position seats the opening 10 in the tapered valve Gtransversely of the bore 4 of the cup in the manner as shown in Fig. 2, thus effectually closing communication between the combustion chamber of the motor and the atmosphere. In normal running condition the cup is maintained in this position. If, however, it is desired to introduce a priming charge into the combustion chamber of the motor the handle of the tapered valve 6 is turned into position shown in Fig. 3 which brings the opening '10 in the tapered valve 6 uppermost of the valve (5 and causes the ball valve 11 to drop down in its chamber 12 to the crimped end thereof, and as the ball valve 11 does not seat tightly at the crimped end of the chamber 12 communication is effected between the combustion chamber of the engine and the atmosphere. Thus any liquid fuel introduced into the cup 3 will pass freely down through the central bore 4 and transversely through the tapered valve (3. and enter the combustion chamber of the motor. As soon, however, as the engine piston moves inan upward direction, which 15 the direction of compression, the pressure within the cylinder raises I the ball valve 11 causing it to seat on its seat 13 which effectually closes communication between the cc-mbustionchamber of the motor and the atmosphere, thus preventing the blowing out of any -of the priming charge which has been introduced into the motor, thereby retaining within the motor cylinder the entire priming charge and preventing the same from blowing through the cup to burn or injure the operator. \Vhen, however, it is desired to employ the cup as a relief cock the valve handle 15 is turned into position as shown in Fig. 4 which -inovenient brings the small bore 10 of the tapered valve 6 in its lowermost position and causes the ball valve 11 to seat itself on its seat. 13 at the lowermost end of its chamber 12 in the manner as shown in Fig. 4. Consequently when the .valve is in this position the compression in the combustion chamber of the motor raises the ball valve to the uppermost end of its chamber 12 thus effecting communication between the combustion chamber of the motor and the atmosphere and allowing the combustion chamber of the motor to pass through the bore 4 and transversely through the tapered valve 6. \Vhen the device is in this position the cup becomes a relief cock to relieve the compression of the motor, and at the same time it can be employed While the motor is in operation to test the cylinders thereof to detect missing or irregular ignition therein.

Having thus fully described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is l. A combined priming cup and compression relief cock comprising a cup to receive a priming charge, a central longitudinal bore passing through the device, a threaded end for threaded connection with the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, a tapered valve seated transversely of the device, said tapered valve being provided with a transverse bore in alinement with the first mentioned bore and provided also with an enlarged chamber, a ball valve within said enlarged chamber adapted to seat at one end thereof so as to prevent ingress into the combustion chamber from the atmosphere, the said tapered valve being provided with a handle to rotate the same to unseat the said ball valve to efl'ect ingress from the atmosphere to the combustion chamber and to prevent egress from the combustion chamber to the atmosphere, the said tapered valve being also tapered to be turned so as to bring its said bore transversely of the said bore in said cup to close communication bet-ween the combustion chamber ofthe motor and the atmosphere, su stantiallyms described.

2. A combined priming cup and compression relief cock comprising means to receive a priming charge and a passage t-o lead the same into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, a valve arranged transversely ofthe said passage, said Valve being rotatable and provided with a bore transversely thereof and adapted to be brought into alinement with the said passage, a valve arranged in said transverse valve adapted to be brought into alinement with the said passage and adapted to be positioned so as to prevent egress from the combustion chamber of the motor to the atmosphere and to provide ingress from the atmosphere to the combustion chamber of a motor, the said valve being also adapted to be positioned in alinement with the said passage to prevent ingress from the atmosphere to the combustion chamber of a motor and to eifect egress from the combustion chamber of the motor to the atmosphere, substantially as described.

3. A combined priming cup and compression'relief cock for internal combustion engines comprising means forreceiving a priming charge and for leading the same into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, a valve in said device adapted to be moved into open position and into closed position to open and close communication between the atmosphere and the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and a valve arranged in the first mentioned valve adapted to prevent egress from the combustion chamber when the first mentioned valve is in an open position, said valve within the first mentioned valve being also arranged to allow ingress to the combustion chamber when the first mentioned valve is in an open position.

4. A combined priming cup and compres sion relief cock for internal combustion engines comprising means for receiving a priming charge and for leading the same into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, means for opening and closing communication between the atmosphere and the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and further means arranged in said first mentioned means for preventing egress from the combustion chamber of the motor to the atmosphere when the said first mentioned means is in open position and for allowing ingress from the atmosphere to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine when the said first mentioned means is in open position.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

, FRANK J. COLEMAN. Witnesses:

l. P. BRITT, Gro. M. BOND. 

